NIPT Test London: Advanced Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening

Advanced NIPT Screening for Down Syndrome and Microdeletions in London

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Pregnancy is between 09 to 40 weeks

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Week 4

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is a tiny ball of cells, around 1 to 2mm across – about the size of a poppy seed – and it has just settled into the lining of your womb.

Some cells will become your baby, while others start forming the placenta, which will carry oxygen and nutrients to your baby for the rest of your pregnancy.

Week 5

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is now about 2mm long, roughly the size of a sesame seed.

The neural tube, which becomes the brain and spinal cord, is forming, and the cells that will make up the heart are starting to come together.

Week 6

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is around 4 to 6mm long – about the size of a lentil.

A tiny heart is beginning to beat, and on an ultrasound scan this can often be seen as a gentle flicker. Small buds that will become arms and legs are appearing.

Week 7

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 1cm long, roughly the size of a blueberry.

The arm and leg buds are growing, the brain is developing quickly, and the beginnings of the eyes and ears are taking shape.

Week 8

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 1.6cm long – around the size of a raspberry.

Fingers and toes are starting to form, and your baby is making small movements, although it will be many weeks before you can feel them.

Week 9

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 2.3cm long, roughly the size of a grape.

The face is becoming more defined, with the eyelids and the tip of the nose forming. The heart now has its four chambers.

Week 10

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 3cm long – around the size of a strawberry.

The major organs are in place and will keep growing and maturing. From the end of this week your baby is known as a fetus.

Week 11

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 4cm long, roughly the size of a fig.

The bones are beginning to harden, the fingers and toes have separated, and your baby can open and close their hands.

Week 12

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 5.5cm long – around the size of a lime.

Your baby is fully formed and now needs to grow. The kidneys have started working, and on a scan you may see your baby stretching, kicking or hiccuping.

Week 13

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 7.5cm long, roughly the size of a lemon.

Tiny vocal cords are forming and the intestines are moving into place inside the tummy. Your baby’s fingerprints are also developing.

Week 14

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 8.5cm long – around the size of a peach.

Your baby can make facial expressions such as squinting and frowning, and a fine layer of hair called lanugo is starting to cover their skin.

Week 15

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 10cm long, roughly the size of an apple.

The skeleton continues to harden, and your baby can sense light through their closed eyelids. Their legs are now longer than their arms.

Week 16

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 11.5cm long – around the size of an avocado – and weighs roughly 100g.

The muscles in the face and back are getting stronger, and your baby’s movements are becoming more coordinated.

Week 17

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 13cm long, roughly the size of a pear.

A layer of fat is starting to form under the skin to help keep your baby warm after birth, and the umbilical cord is growing thicker and stronger.

Week 18

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 14cm long – around the size of a sweet potato.

Your baby can now hear sounds, including your heartbeat. You may begin to feel the first flutters of movement, especially if this isn’t your first pregnancy.

Week 19

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 15cm long from head to bottom, roughly the size of a mango.

A creamy coating called vernix is forming on the skin to protect it from the fluid around your baby.

Week 20

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 25cm long from head to heel – around the length of a banana – and weighs roughly 300g.

You are halfway through your pregnancy. Your baby is swallowing fluid, which helps the digestive system develop.

Week 21

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 27cm long, roughly the length of a large carrot.

Your baby’s movements are stronger now, and you may notice regular times of day when they are more active.

Week 22

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 28cm long and weighs roughly 430g – around the size of a papaya.

Eyebrows and eyelashes are growing, and the lips and features are more distinct, which is why 4D scans from this stage can show your baby’s face in detail.

Week 23

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 29cm long and weighs around 500g – roughly the size of a grapefruit.

The lungs are developing the tiny air sacs they will need for breathing, and your baby may respond to loud noises.

Week 24

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 30cm long and weighs around 600g – roughly the length of an ear of corn.

The inner ear is developed, so your baby may sense when you move or change position.

Week 25

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 34cm long and weighs around 660g – roughly the size of a cauliflower.

Your baby is gaining fat, and their skin is becoming smoother and less see-through.

Week 26

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 35cm long and weighs around 760g – roughly the size of a lettuce.

Your baby’s eyes are starting to open, and they are practising breathing movements.

Week 27

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 36cm long and weighs around 875g – roughly the size of a head of broccoli.

This is the start of your third trimester. Your baby has regular periods of sleep and wakefulness.

Week 28

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 37cm long and weighs around 1kg – roughly the size of an aubergine.

Your baby can blink, and their brain is growing rapidly.

Week 29

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 38cm long and weighs around 1.15kg – roughly the size of a butternut squash.

The muscles and lungs keep maturing, and your baby’s kicks and stretches may be stronger and easier to see from the outside.

Week 30

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 40cm long and weighs around 1.3kg – roughly the size of a cabbage.

The fine lanugo hair is starting to disappear, and your baby is building up fat stores.

Week 31

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 41cm long and weighs around 1.5kg – roughly the size of a coconut.

Your baby can turn their head from side to side, and all five senses are working.

Week 32

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 42cm long and weighs around 1.7kg – roughly the size of a squash.

Most babies are now lying head down, although there is still time for your baby to turn.

Week 33

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 44cm long and weighs around 1.9kg – roughly the size of a pineapple.

The bones are hardening, apart from the skull, which stays soft and flexible to make birth easier.

Week 34

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 45cm long and weighs around 2.1kg – roughly the size of a melon.

The central nervous system and lungs are maturing, getting ready for life outside the womb.

Week 35

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 46cm long and weighs around 2.4kg – roughly the size of a honeydew melon.

There is less room to move now, so you may feel more rolls and wriggles and fewer big kicks. Keep noting your baby’s usual pattern of movements.

Week 36

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 47cm long and weighs around 2.6kg – roughly the size of a large papaya.

Your baby may start to move down into your pelvis, ready for birth.

Week 37

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 49cm long and weighs around 2.9kg – roughly the size of a winter melon.

Your baby’s organs are ready to work on their own, and they are still putting on weight each day.

Week 38

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 50cm long and weighs around 3.1kg – roughly the size of a pumpkin.

Your baby is practising sucking and grasping, skills they will use as soon as they are born.

Week 39

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 51cm long and weighs around 3.3kg – roughly the size of a small watermelon.

Your baby is fully developed and could arrive at any time.

Week 40

What does my baby look like?

Your baby is about 51cm long and weighs around 3.5kg on average – roughly the size of a watermelon.

This is your due date week, although only a small number of babies arrive on the day itself. Your midwife will talk to you about what happens if your baby hasn’t arrived by 41 weeks.

As you are %weeks% pregnant, this %kind% is available to book %when%. Scroll down to read more about the NIPT Test and how it can help you find out more about your pregnancy.

What does the NIPT Test check?

Chromosome Screening for

Down's syndrome (Trisomy 21)

Edwards' syndrome (Trisomy 18)

Patau's syndrome (Trisomy 13)

Fetal Sexing Option

Sex Chromosomes

Microdeletions

De Novo Disorders

Single Gene Disorders

Inherited Disorders

From 9+ weeks

Book with or without scan for more peace of mind

What's included

Ultrasound Scan

2 Scan images

TSC Folder

About the NIPT Test

NIPT Tests also known as Non invasive prenatal testing has been shown to be a more accurate screening tool than the first pregnancy screening tests offered in the NHS (Combined screening or Quad tests). It can be offered to all women, however is usually offered to women who are carrying a baby identified from previous screening tests as having a higher chance of having either Down’s syndrome, Edwards’ syndrome, or Patau’s syndrome. The results of the NIPT will determine the risk, or chance, that the pregnancy is affected by the conditions screened for. It will not however determine if your baby definitely has or does not have any of the conditions and is not 100% accurate.

Read our article below providing more in-depth information about NIPT, including information about what NIPT is useful for, how it compares with the combined test by the NHS and much more by clicking below.

Go to NIPT Article

Objective of the scan

This test is performed to assess the risk of certain chromosomal conditions affecting the pregnancy. These conditions include Trisomy 21 (Down’s syndrome), Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) and Trisomy 13 (Patau’s syndrome). The tests can also assess the sex of your baby (optional).

Some tests also provide the option to screen for other conditions including screening the sex chromosomes (X/Y) for certain sex chromosomal conditions.

Our ultrasound scan is recommended with your NIPT test to check in on baby. The scan can confirm fetal viability, how far along the pregnancy is, and if the mother is having twin or multiple babies. We can also provide an estimated due date.

Why choose us for your Advanced NIPT Screening for Down Syndrome and Microdeletions in London

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What brought you here?

Pick the closest match. We'll show what the scan looks for and what usually happens next.

What the scan looks for

A blood sample screens for Trisomy 21, 18 and 13, while the ultrasound confirms a viable single pregnancy and checks the dates.

What happens next

The laboratory result follows by secure report once processed, and we can send it to your GP, midwife or fetal medicine clinic with the scan report.

What the scan looks for

The scan confirms you are at least nine to ten weeks, that the heart is beating and how many babies there are.

What happens next

We give you a verbal summary of the scan on the day, with the written scan report within 24 hours and the blood result to follow.

What the scan looks for

Chromosomal risk from the blood sample, plus ultrasound confirmation of viability, gestational age and an estimated due date.

What happens next

Results are explained to you and, where a result is high chance, we advise onward referral to a fetal medicine unit for a diagnostic test.

What the scan looks for

Screening from your blood alone, with ultrasound only to confirm the pregnancy is viable and dated correctly and that it is not a multiple.

What happens next

We talk you through what the result does and does not settle, and send the scan report within 24 hours to whoever is looking after your pregnancy.

What the scan looks for

Fetal sex from the blood sample as an optional extra, alongside viability and dating on the ultrasound.

What happens next

The sex result comes with your laboratory report. In twins the test cannot tell the babies apart, and we explain that before you decide.

Please note: NIPT is a screening blood test, not a diagnosis: a high chance result always needs confirming with an invasive diagnostic test at a fetal medicine unit, and the scan alongside it cannot assess your baby's anatomy at this stage.

What we check

What your sonographer looks at during the NIPT Test.

Chromosome Screening for

Down's syndrome (Trisomy 21)

Edwards' syndrome (Trisomy 18)

Patau's syndrome (Trisomy 13)

Fetal Sexing Option

Sex Chromosomes

Microdeletions

De Novo Disorders

Single Gene Disorders

Inherited Disorders

From 9+ weeks

Book with or without scan for more peace of mind

How to prepare

Arriving with the right preparation is important as failure to do so may result in us not being able to perform the scan.

Full bladder

A full bladder is required for this scan – Please drink 0.5 litres of fluid approximately 30 minutes or so before your scheduled appointment and kindly try your best not to empty your bladder before the examination.
You may maintain your normal medication regime.
You can eat as normal.

Bring your maternity notes

Please bring your pregnancy book / maternity notes with previous scan results (if you have had your first NHS scan), as we will not be able to scan you without them.

Read the important notes

Please read the important notes before your appointment.

Full Bladder*

Maternity notes

More about the NIPT Test

NIPT Test Ineligibility Criteria

Women who do not wish to have chromosomal screening
Women carrying more than 2 babies
Pregnancies with fetal demise/vanishing twin
Women with a history of:
- ovum donation
- organ donation
- organ, stem cell or bone marrow transplant
- Recent Maternal blood transfusion
- Maternal mosaicism
- Copy number variations
- Fetoplacental mosaicism/confined placental mosaicism
- Maternal neoplasm (benign/malignant)

Failure Rate of the NIPT test increases in women with:

High BMI
Low PaPP-A result through combined 1st trimester screening
Active autoimmune disorders
On therapeutic heparin/LMWH
Recent cancer diagnosis

What is Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT)?

NIPT, also known as cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening, is the most advanced method available for estimating the risk of certain genetic conditions during pregnancy. The test is non-invasive, requiring only a standard blood sample taken from the mother, which poses no risk of miscarriage to the baby.

How the Basic Screening Works

The mother’s blood contains tiny fragments of DNA, known as cell-free DNA, shed from both the mother’s cells and the placenta. Since placental DNA usually reflects the baby’s DNA, the test works by analyzing these fragments to look for an excess or deficit of DNA related to specific chromosomes.

The Primary Focus: Core Aneuploidies

The basic NIPT screening is highly reliable (over 99% accuracy for the most common condition) and is primarily focused on estimating the risk for the three most common autosomal trisomies:

Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21): An extra copy of chromosome 21.
Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18): An extra copy of chromosome 18.
Patau Syndrome (Trisomy 13): An extra copy of chromosome 13.

The test can also offer the option to screen for the sex of the baby and Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs). The results are reported as a “low chance” or “high chance” risk, and any high-chance result must be confirmed by a diagnostic procedure (such as Amniocentesis or CVS).

How does an NIPT appointment work?

At the Scan Clinic, we do our best to deliver excellent health care and provide as much patient choice and flexibility as possible, which is why we offer the leading private NIPT tests available as well having a number of different booking options.

NIPT is a complex area with lots of information to digest as well as different tests available to proceed with. This is why we have made the process as easy and straightforward as possible, especially if you are not sure which NIPT test you would like to proceed with. We will book you in for a NIPT appointment with a member of our clinical team, who will go over the test you have chosen or, if you are undecided, help explain some of the key differences so you can decide on which test to go forward with. After this, we will proceed with the ultrasound and blood test or just the blood test if you have opted for this and it is available for you- see below.

As the NIPT is predominantly a genetic blood test, the best and safe clinical practice is to perform this with an ultrasound scan at the time of or prior to the test. For this reason, we are uniquely placed to offer the NIPT in the safest way by being able to perform an ultrasound scan of your baby alongside having the NIPT blood test draw. However, we recognise that you may have had recent NHS or private scans elsewhere and can book a NIPT blood test only option at a reduced price for the specific NIPT test you choose.

In all cases, you will need to bring your maternity notes/folder and for the blood test only option, we will need to see the previous ultrasound scan report. If you do not have this, then the only way to proceed would be for us to perform the scan followed by the blood test.

Advanced NIPT Screening: Beyond the Core Trisomies

While NIPT is widely known for screening Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21), advanced NIPT panels (like those we offer) screen for a much wider range of serious genetic conditions. Understanding these conditions helps you make an informed choice about your testing options.

Microdeletions and Microduplications

These structural changes are now one of the most important areas of non-invasive screening, as their collective risk is significant and independent of maternal age.

What They Are: Microdeletions and Microduplications are conditions caused by the loss (deletion) or gain (duplication) of a very small, specific segment of a chromosome. These tiny changes are often too small to be seen in a standard test but can affect critical genes.
Incidence: The combined chance of having a clinically significant microdeletion or microduplication syndrome is approximately 1 in 400 to 1 in 500 live births.
Key Fact: The risk for this group of conditions does not depend on maternal age, making them collectively a more frequent concern than Down Syndrome for women under 30.
Common Examples: Includes 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (DiGeorge Syndrome), Prader-Willi, Angelman, and Williams syndrome.

Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs)

Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs) involve an extra or missing copy of the sex chromosomes (X or Y). These conditions can lead to developmental, physical, or fertility challenges.

Conditions Screened by NIPT Include:
- Monosomy X (Turner Syndrome): Affects females (X0).
- Klinefelter Syndrome: Affects males (XXY).
- Triple X Syndrome: Affects females (XXX).
- Jacobs Syndrome: Affects males (XYY).

De Novo and Inherited Genetic Conditions

Screening results are generally categorised by how the genetic change occurred, which influences recurrence risk:

De Novo Disorders: This term, meaning “new,” refers to a genetic change that is not inherited from either parent. The change occurs spontaneously during conception. Most microdeletion and microduplication syndromes are de novo events.
Inherited Conditions (Carrier Screening): Some of the most comprehensive NIPT tests offer a component of carrier screening for the parents. This checks for recessive genes that, if both parents carry them, could be inherited by the baby. Examples of inherited conditions that can be screened this way include Cystic Fibrosis and Sickle Cell Anaemia.

Triploidy

Triploidy is a rare but extremely serious chromosomal abnormality that some advanced NIPT tests (such as Panorama) are able to screen for.

What It Is: Triploidy occurs when the fetus has an entire extra set of chromosomes (69 chromosomes instead of the usual 46).
Significance: This is a lethal condition that typically results in early miscarriage or severe complications.

Your Clinical Journey: From Booking to Results

We understand that taking a genetic screening test can be a moment of anxiety and anticipation. Our goal is to make your NIPT experience as seamless, supportive, and informative as possible, ensuring you have complete peace of mind throughout the process.

Step 1: Your Personalised Consultation

When you book your NIPT appointment, you will be seen by one of our experienced healthcare professionals. This is not just a quick blood draw; it is a dedicated consultation designed entirely for you.

Informed Choice: Your clinician will take the time to discuss the different NIPT test options available (including the core aneuploidies and advanced screening) and answer all your questions.
Tailored Selection: we can help you choose the NIPT test that is the best option for you and your baby.

Step 2: The Simple Blood Draw

Once you have made your choice, a small blood sample will be gently taken from your arm. This simple, non-invasive process is all that is required for the analysis. We then ensure your sample is safely and promptly transported to our accredited laboratory partners.

Step 3: Results and Timelines

The time required for analysis depends entirely on the specific NIPT option you select (as the advanced tests require more complex analysis).

Turnaround Time: Results can typically take anywhere from 5 working days up to 4 weeks. Your clinician will give you the precise estimated timeframe during your consultation.

Step 4: Support After the Test

We ensure your peace of mind continues even after the results are ready:

Low Risk Result: The results will be delivered to you promptly, providing the confidence and reassurance you are looking for.
High Risk Result: In the unlikely event of a high-risk result, you will not be left alone to interpret the findings. A member of our clinical team will call you to explain the results, discuss the implications, and provide support and guidance on the necessary next steps.

Choosing Your NIPT: Test Tiers and Features

To make your decision easier, we have organized our advanced NIPT options into three distinct tiers based on the scope of genetic conditions screened. Each tier is delivered using a market-leading, accredited laboratory test to ensure the highest accuracy.

Tier 1: Core NIPT Screening

This tier focuses on the most common chromosomal conditions and is delivered using the Illumina NIPT Test, Panorama NIPT test, PrenatalSafe NIPT Test platforms.

Primary Screening Focus: The three core autosomal aneuploidies: Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21), Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18), and Patau Syndrome (Trisomy 13).
Other Features: Optional screening for the sex of the baby and Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs) (such as Turner and Klinefelter syndromes).
Best For: Parents seeking highly accurate screening for the most common conditions affecting new-borns.

Tier 2: Advanced NIPT Screening

This tier significantly expands the scope to include conditions whose risk is independent of maternal age, delivered using the Illumina NIPT, Panorama Extended NIPT, PrenatalSafe NIPT platforms

Primary Screening Focus: Includes everything in Tier 1, plus an in-depth analysis of 5 to 7 of the most clinically significant microdeletion syndromes.
Microdeletions Covered: This includes conditions like 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (DiGeorge Syndrome), Prader-Willi Syndrome, and Angelman Syndrome.
Unique Feature: This tier may also include screening for Triploidy (an extra set of chromosomes).
Best For: Parents seeking comprehensive reassurance, particularly for age-independent structural genetic changes.

Tier 3: Comprehensive / Genome-Wide Screening

This is our most thorough NIPT option, offering a near genome-wide analysis of the baby’s DNA, delivered using the PrenatalSafe Complete platform.

Primary Screening Focus: Includes everything in Tier 2, plus screening for Microdeletions and Microduplications across all 22 autosomal chromosomes.
Advanced Features: Screens for specific De Novo Disorders (genetic changes that are not inherited) and may offer carrier screening for the mother and partner for various inherited conditions (such as Cystic Fibrosis or Sickle Cell Anaemia).
Best For: For parents desiring the maximum available genetic information and the widest range of screening options we offer, including very rare structural abnormalities and specific inherited conditions.

NIPT Options: Feature Comparison Table

Feature	Tier 1: Core Screening	Tier 2: Advanced Screening	Tier 3: Comprehensive / Genome-Wide
Core Trisomies (T21, T18, T13)	Yes	Yes	Yes
Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs)	Optional	Yes	Yes
Triploidy Screening	No	Yes (Platform Dependent)	Yes (Platform Dependent)
Common Microdeletions (5-7 Syndromes)	No	Yes (e.g., DiGeorge)	Yes
All Chromosome Microdeletions/Duplications	No	No	Yes (Full 22 Autosomes)
Rare Autosomal Aneuploidies (RAAs)	No	No	Yes
De Novo Genetic Conditions	No	No	Yes
Inherited Carrier Conditions	No	No	Optional Add-on
Results Turnaround Time	Fast (e.g., 5-10 Days)	Medium (e.g., 10-14 Days)	Longest (e.g., 2-4 Weeks)

What if I am having twins?

If you are expecting more than one baby, NIPT can still offer valuable screening, but there are important factors to consider:

Twin Pregnancies: Most NIPT services can be successfully performed for twin pregnancies. However, the screening scope may be limited compared to singleton pregnancies. Analysis for core trisomies (T21, T18, T13) and fetal sex is typically available.
Limitations on Advanced Screening: Certain advanced options, particularly those that screen for specific microdeletion syndromes or Triploidy, are often not possible when carrying twins.
Higher-Order Multiples: NIPT is not recommended for pregnancies with three or more fetuses (triplets or higher-order multiples).
Sex Determination: In a twin pregnancy, NIPT can usually confirm the presence or absence of a Y chromosome, meaning we can tell you if at least one baby is male, but we often cannot determine the sex of each individual twin.

Our Advice: We strongly recommend scheduling a consultation with one of our experienced healthcare professionals. They will review the specific NIPT platforms we offer and advise you on which screening options are safe, accurate, and available for your particular multiple pregnancy.

How and When will I get my results?

We understand that waiting for results can be the hardest part, and we strive to deliver your information as quickly as possible without compromising accuracy.

When to Expect Your Results

The turnaround time is determined by the complexity of the analysis required for your chosen tier:

Tier 1: Core Screening: Typically the fastest results, often available within 5 to 10 working days.
Tier 2: Advanced Screening: Due to the inclusion of microdeletion analysis, results usually take a moderate time, generally within 10 to 14 working days.
Tier 3: Comprehensive / Genome-Wide Screening: As our most thorough analysis, these tests require the longest time, usually taking 2 to 4 weeks.

Your clinician will provide you with the specific estimated turnaround time for your chosen test during your consultation.

How You Will Receive Your Results

All results are reviewed by our clinical team before they are released to you.

Low-Risk Results: These are typically forwarded to you swiftly via secure email or through a secure online portal.
High-Risk Results: If a high-risk result is returned, we will not send it via email until we have spoken to you to ensure you receive clear information.

We maintain strong relationships with our laboratory partners to ensure our patients often receive their results as quickly, or even quicker, than advertised.

What problems will this test NOT detect?

This test will not be able to detect structural abnormalities such as spina bifida, heart defects and growth problems. Please remember all NIPT tests are screening tests and not diagnostic tests. A screening test is one that is performed to identify those that have a higher chance or more likely to develop a specified disease or condition. It can not however provide confirmation and therefore those identified as having higher chance of a certain condition may need further diagnostic tests such as chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis. These diagnostic tests can identify a specific condition, disease or illness however unfortunately also carry a risk of miscarriage.

What if the test fails or does not give a result?

There is a very small chance the NIPT test fails to achieve a result, therefore a repeat sample would be needed to be collected. Test failure increases for IVF pregnancies, twin pregnancies, mothers using blood thinners and mothers with high BMI.

One of the reasons why this may happen is that there is insufficient fetal DNA in the maternal blood sample to meet the minimum threshold of the specific NIPT test. If there is no result from your initial test we will discuss the options available to you.

Understanding Your NIPT Results: Accuracy and Limitations

Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing is highly accurate, but it is important to understand what the result—whether “low risk” or “high risk”—truly means. NIPT is a screening test, not a diagnostic test.

Detection Rate vs. Positive Predictive Value (PPV)

When discussing accuracy, two key terms are used:

Detection Rate (Sensitivity): This refers to the test’s ability to correctly identify a condition when it is present. For Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21), NIPT has a detection rate exceeding 99%.
Positive Predictive Value (PPV): This is the chance that a “high-risk” (positive) NIPT result is genuinely correct.

The PPV is directly linked to how common a condition is in the general population.

The interpretation of a “high-risk” NIPT result depends heavily on how common the condition is in the general population. For common conditions, such as Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21), the risk is higher (higher incidence), meaning the Positive Predictive Value (PPV) is high—a “high-risk” result is very likely correct.

However, for rare conditions, such as Patau’s syndrome (Trisomy 13) or the various Microdeletions, the population risk is much lower. In these cases, the PPV is consequently lower, meaning a “high-risk” result has a greater chance of being a False Positive (a positive test result where the fetus is actually unaffected). This key difference underscores why diagnostic testing is always essential following any high-risk NIPT screening result.

For very rare microdeletion syndromes, a high-risk NIPT result may only mean a 50-70% actual chance of the baby having the condition, meaning the remaining 30-50% are false positives. This is why further testing is always necessary.

The Most Common Reason for Inaccuracy: Confined Placental Mosaicism (CPM)

The NIPT analyses DNA from the placenta, not the baby directly. Occasionally, the placenta’s DNA does not perfectly match the baby’s DNA.

Confined Placental Mosaicism (CPM): This occurs when a chromosomal abnormality exists only in the cells of the placenta, but the baby is genetically typical.
Impact on NIPT: If the placenta has an extra chromosome (which the baby does not), the NIPT may incorrectly report a “high-risk” result, leading to a false positive.

The Confirmatory Step

A “high-risk” NIPT result is never a final diagnosis. The only way to confirm if the baby is truly affected is through an invasive, diagnostic procedure:

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
Amniocentesis

Our Trusted NIPT Lab Partners and Platforms

We partner with world-leading genetic laboratories to ensure the highest quality and accuracy of your NIPT results. Below are the specific platforms we use to deliver the features in each of our service tiers:

Illumina NIPT Platform

The Illumina NIPT platform is a highly respected, high-throughput solution used for both our Tier 1: Core Screening and Tier 2: Advanced Screening options. It reliably and accurately screens for the core trisomies (T21, T18, T13) and offers optional screening for Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs). As a major global provider, Illumina ensures rapid, high-quality analysis for both single and twin pregnancies.

Panorama NIPT Platform

The Panorama NIPT platform is utilized primarily for our Tier 2: Advanced Screening due to its unique analytical capabilities. It is one of the earliest tests available (from 9 weeks) and is a leading platform for single, twin, and donor-egg pregnancies. Panorama is known for its ability to accurately identify common trisomies (T21, T18, T13) and specifically screen for Triploidy (an extra set of chromosomes), a severe abnormality that other tests may miss. It also screens for 5 common microdeletion syndromes and Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs).

PrenatalSafe NIPT Platform

The PrenatalSafe platform provides a robust foundation for our Tier 1: Core Screening option. It offers highly accurate screening for Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21), Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18), and Patau Syndrome (Trisomy 13), with optional screening for Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs). This test is available from 10 weeks and is a reliable choice for single and twin pregnancies, providing essential peace of mind quickly and effectively.

PrenatalSafe Complete Plus Platform

The PrenatalSafe Complete Plus test is utilized for our most comprehensive offering, Tier 3: Comprehensive / Genome-Wide Screening. This platform goes far beyond the core conditions, screening for Microdeletions and Microduplications across all 22 autosomal chromosomes. It is a world-leading test for structural abnormalities, Rare Autosomal Aneuploidies (RAAs), and De Novo Disorders. Uniquely, this test also includes screening for several Inherited Genetic Conditions (such as Cystic Fibrosis and Sickle Cell Anaemia) via a separate analysis.

What patients say

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Same-day & weekend slots

Trusted for over 15 years

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Award-winning and regulated

Common Questions

Who is eligible for NIPT?

Women who

are at least
- 9 weeks pregnant for Panorama NIPT
- 10 weeks pregnant for other NIPT tests
have a singleton or twin pregnancy only*
have conceived with IVF

*Certain advanced NIPT tests only allow singleton pregnancies or specific twin variants.

Who is not eligible for NIPT?

NIPT is not suitable for patients with:

Women who do not wish to have chromosomal screening
Women carrying more than 2 babies
Pregnancies with fetal demise/vanishing twin
Women with a history of:
- ovum donation
- organ donation
- organ, stem cell or bone marrow transplant
- Recent Maternal blood transfusion
- Maternal mosaicism
- Copy number variations
- Fetoplacental mosaicism/confined placental mosaicism
- Maternal neoplasm (benign/malignant)
- Fetal demise/Vanished twin less than 5 weeks prior to test

*Specific tests may have additional non-eligibility criteria.

Can I find out fetal sex?

NIPT will be able to determine fetal sex.

In twin pregnancies however, the NIPT test will not be able to differentiate the sex of the twins.

Book your NIPT Test

Same-day and weekend appointments at The Scan Clinic London East in Gants Hill, with your report and images before you leave.

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Standard price£375+ (dependant on test)

Off-peak discount is applied automatically at checkout. Scan report and images included.

How to find us

Address

The Scan Clinic London East
635A Cranbrook Road
Gants Hill IG2 6SX

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Call us

0203 904 7706
Monday to Saturday, 9am to 5pm

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Important notes

Important: Please bring your pregnancy book / maternity notes with previous scan results (if you have had your first NHS scan) to your appointment, as we will not be able to scan you without them.
Accessibility: Our London East clinic is located on the first floor, up one flight of stairs. Please note that we don’t have a lift available at this location.
Special Requirements: If you have any specific requirements or preferences for your appointment, including a preference for a male or female practitioner, accessibility needs, or other adjustments, please contact our Customer Care Team before your appointment so we can do our best to accommodate your request if possible.
All scans are performed to accomplish the main objective only.
This scan is not a screening test for fetal abnormalities.
Our pregnancy scans do not replace or substitute any scan you have or will have with the NHS / maternity care provider.
All of our first-line tests are optional and provided on a self-referral basis. You must be aged 16 years or over to use this service. If you have an existing medical condition, are undergoing treatment, or have any concerns about whether this test is appropriate for you, we recommend that you consult your GP or healthcare professional before booking.
Twin / multiple pregnancies incur an additional charge of £45 (12 weeks onwards).
For scans with gender assessment included (16 weeks onwards), any information regarding the sex of the baby is not guaranteed & ultrasound alone is not 100% accurate as some babies can be ambiguous. Your practitioner will only provide you with information about the gender if they feel confident to do so from the ultrasound scan. The Scan Clinic or its staff can not be in any way held responsible upon the reliance of such information.
Filming is not permitted (allowed) in the scan room, if you wish to have a video or recording of the scan this can be purchased – please discuss with the customer care member.
We kindly ask that you inform us of any specific requirements, reasonable adjustments, cultural considerations, or practitioner preferences before your appointment. Whilst we will make every reasonable effort to accommodate requests, this may not always be possible at short notice or subject to staff availability.

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More about the NIPT Test

Learn more about pregnancy scans, your baby's development and ultrasound in general in our Health Hub.

Go to Health Hub

Medically reviewed by

Mr. Mohammad Usman

Clinical Lead and Consultant Sonographer

Excellent 4.9 Rating

What does the NIPT Test check?

What's included

About the NIPT Test

Why choose us for your Advanced NIPT Screening for Down Syndrome and Microdeletions in London

What brought you here?

What we check

How to prepare

Full bladder

Bring your maternity notes

Read the important notes

More about the NIPT Test

NIPT Test Ineligibility Criteria

What is Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT)?

How the Basic Screening Works

The Primary Focus: Core Aneuploidies

How does an NIPT appointment work?

Advanced NIPT Screening: Beyond the Core Trisomies

Microdeletions and Microduplications

Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies (SCAs)

De Novo and Inherited Genetic Conditions

Triploidy

Your Clinical Journey: From Booking to Results

Step 1: Your Personalised Consultation

Step 2: The Simple Blood Draw

Step 3: Results and Timelines

Step 4: Support After the Test

Choosing Your NIPT: Test Tiers and Features

Tier 1: Core NIPT Screening

Tier 2: Advanced NIPT Screening

Tier 3: Comprehensive / Genome-Wide Screening

NIPT Options: Feature Comparison Table

What if I am having twins?

How and When will I get my results?

When to Expect Your Results

How You Will Receive Your Results

What problems will this test NOT detect?

What if the test fails or does not give a result?

Understanding Your NIPT Results: Accuracy and Limitations

Detection Rate vs. Positive Predictive Value (PPV)

The Most Common Reason for Inaccuracy: Confined Placental Mosaicism (CPM)

The Confirmatory Step

Our Trusted NIPT Lab Partners and Platforms

Illumina NIPT Platform

Panorama NIPT Platform

PrenatalSafe NIPT Platform

PrenatalSafe Complete Plus Platform

What patients say

Common Questions

Book your NIPT Test

How to find us

Important notes

Related services

Which NIPT test is the best for you?

NIPT and the Harmony test, your helpful guide

More about the NIPT Test

Home Visit Blood Test

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